S4-260191 - AI Summary

Dynamic 3DGS complexity

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Summary of S4-260191: Dynamic 3DGS Complexity

Document Overview

This contribution from InterDigital addresses an open editor's note in TR 26.958 regarding scene complexity impacts on Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) feasibility for mobile platforms. The document proposes text for Clause 6.3 (Complexity) which is currently empty.

Main Technical Contributions

Scene Complexity Impact on Mobile Platforms

The contribution identifies that dynamic scene complexity significantly affects the feasibility of dynamic 3DGS content on mobile devices. Key complexity drivers include:

  • Number of Gaussians: Direct impact on memory and processing requirements
  • Magnitude of motion: Affects rendering load and temporal prediction efficiency
  • Topology changes: Increases complexity when scene structure varies
  • Variability of Gaussian attributes: Impacts both storage and processing

These parameters directly constrain:
- Achievable frame rate
- Session duration
- Visual quality

FFS: Determining maximum scene complexity that representative UE categories can sustain.

Compression Complexity Considerations

The document highlights that highly dynamic content (multi-person scenes, self-occlusions, cloth/hair motion) presents specific compression challenges:

  • Reduces benefits of temporal prediction
  • Requires more frequent keyframes
  • Weakens temporal coherence assumptions in coding algorithms
  • Increases both encoding and decoding complexity proportional to scene intrinsic complexity and temporal variability

Dynamic 3DGS Format Categories

The contribution proposes categorizing dynamic 3DGS representations based on temporal association of Gaussian primitives:

  • Tracked: Gaussians maintain temporal associations across frames
  • Partially tracked: Some temporal associations maintained
  • Untracked: No temporal associations

These categories differ in:
- Efficiency for temporal prediction
- Robustness to motion/topology changes

FFS: Comparison of these formats regarding bitrate efficiency, latency, UE processing, and visual quality.

Limitations of Original 3DGS Format

The document notes that the original INRIA 3DGS representation has inherent limitations for dynamic content:

  • Designed for per-scene optimization
  • Static topology assumption
  • Frame-independent Gaussian attributes
  • Does not exploit temporal redundancy
  • Not optimized for dynamic content

Recent academic developments (references [1]-[4]) explore alternatives addressing these limitations.

FFS: Whether multiple dynamic-oriented 3DGS formats may coexist.

Conclusion

The contribution proposes adding the provided text to Section 6.3.X or another suitable section of TR 26.958 to address the open editor's note on complexity considerations for Dynamic 3DGS content.

Document Information
Source:
InterDigital New York
Type:
discussion
For:
Agreement
Original Document:
View on 3GPP
Title: Dynamic 3DGS complexity
Agenda item: 9.6
Agenda item description: FS_3DGS_MED (Study on 3D Gaussian splats)
Doc type: discussion
For action: Agreement
Release: Rel-20
Specification: 26.958
Spec: 26.958
Contact: Gaelle Martin-Cocher
Uploaded: 2026-02-03T20:45:42.823000
Contact ID: 91571
Revised to: S4-260363
TDoc Status: revised
Reservation date: 03/02/2026 16:54:59
Agenda item sort order: 41